Autoamtic infinitely variable power transmission



Oct. 13, 1953 DE WlTT c. CLINTSMAN 2,655,056

AUTOMATIC INFINITELY VARIABLE POWER TRANSMISSION Filed Jan. 31, 1952 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 DEWITT C.

CLINTSMAN BYU /I IZZ- ATTORNEY Oct. 13, 1953 DE WITT C. CLINTSMAN AUTOMATIC INFINITELY VARIABLE POWER TRANSMISSION 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 31, 1952 INVENTOR DEWITT C.CLINTSMAN ATTORNEY Oct. 13, 1953 DE WlTT c. CLINTSMAN 2,655,056

AUTOMATIC INFINITELY VARIABLE POWER TRANSMISSION leswl L: INVENTOR DEWITT c. CLINTSMAN BYVWM ATTORNEY Oct. 13, 1953 DE wrr'r c. CLINTSMAN 2,655,056

AUTOMATIC INFINITELY VARIABLE POWER TRANSMISSION Filed Jan. 31, 1952 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR DE W l TT C.

: CLINTSMAN N I Isa/7mm ATTORNEY Oct. 13, 1953 DE WlTT c. CLINTSMAN 2,655,056

AUTOMATIC INFINITELY VARIABLE POWER TRANSMISSION Filed Jan. 51, 1952 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR DEWITT C. CLINTSMAN ATTORNEY Oct. 13, 1953 DE WlTT c. CLINTSMAN AUTOMATIC INFINITELY VARIABLE POWER TRANSMISSION 7 Sheets-Sheet '7 Filed Jan. 51, 1952 INVENTOR DEWITT C. CLINTSMAN ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 13 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE AUTOMATIC INFINITELY VARIABLE POWER TRANSMISSION 12 Claims.

1 This invention relates to an automatic infinitely variable power transmission particularly adaptable to automobiles, other vehicles, and elsewhere where needed.

An object of this invention is to provide an automatic infinitely variable power transmission having many favorable features, including exclusively gear drive and a ratio graduation which is fully continuous throughout. This transmission uses no friction devices for either driving or controlling, and there is no loss in the transmission of power. It provides quick and strong take-off and pick-up, and will not heat up.

A further object of this invention is to provide an automatic transmission wherein all ad justments are extremely simple and readily accessible, and wherein the only shift necessary is when changing from a forward speed direction, to a neutral position, to a reverse speed direction, and vice versa, no shifting to any low or power range is necessary, and this transmission automatically provides whatever power is necessary at every speed.

A further feature of this invention is that any good oil may be used in the transmission mechanism, needing no frequent or periodical adjustments.

A further object of this invention is to provide an automatic transmission wherein the engineto-rear ratio may be one ratio in a forward speed and a different ratio in a reverse speed, the gear ratio as herein disclosed being a 2 to 1 ratio in the forward speed and a 1 to 1 ratio in the reverse speed.

A further object of this invention is to provide a governor which is particularly useful in this automatic transmission in that it occupies a minimum of axial space on its shaft.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, this invention comprises the combination, construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter set forth, claimed and disclosed in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. l is an elevational view of the working parts, except for the gear shift, looking at the left side thereof.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the difierentiator mechanism in the bottom of the housing.

Fig. 3 is a left side elevation partly in section of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4; is a top plan View of the gear shift and drive transmitting mechanism, the differentiator mechanism being omitted for clarity.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the yoke piece for the rear governor.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the rear sleeves for the control cylinders.

Fig. '7 is a partly sectional view of the spider assembly.

Fig. 8 is a, partly sectional view of the front side gear assembly.

Fig. 9 is a partly cross sectional view of the control piston and cylinder assembly and block for the difierentiator mechanism.

Fig. 10 is a left elevation of Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is an end elevation of the shifting mechanism.

Fig. anism.

Fig. ring.

Fig. 14 is a rear end elevation partly in section of the driving unit.

Fig. 15 is a somewhat enlarged fragmentary sectional view of some of the driving unit details and their cooperation with the gear hub of the front side gear assembly.

Fig. 16 is an elevational view of the right hand end of Fig. 3 showing the external adjustment.

Fig. 17 is a side view of a centrifugal governor in thrown position.

Fig. 18 is an end view of Fig. 17.

This invention comprises a variable ratio power transmission Ill particularly adaptable to auto mobiles, wherein the forward motion is obtained by driving a differential spider II and its pinion gears 12 while controlling the rotation of one differential side gear 14 and wherein reverse direction is obtained by shifting the drive to said side gear 14 while controlling the rotation 01' the spider ll.

Gear control is obtained by controlling the movement of a difierentiator unit [5 with crankshaft l6 and reciprocating pistons ll. This unit I 5 lies submerged in oil in a horizontal position close to the bottom of the housing l8. Power is received equally by the differentiator l5 and the rear or driven differential side gear I9. Each is driven in proportion to the difference in their resistances. With the diiferentiator cylinders 2! fully open it is freely driven. As the cylinders become closed the rear differential side gear !9 becomes driven in proportion to the volume of oil allowed to escape from the cylinders 2s. The escape of oil is governed by the balance between power and the speed of the driven side gear I!) until when the differentiator I5 is held motionless, the side gear I9 is driven at a 2 to 1 ratio in forward and a ltol ratio in reverse. On deceleration, the engine opposes car momen- 12 is a side elevation of the shifting mech- 13 is a rear end elevation of the driving turn by a 1 to 2 ratio as the driven side gear I3 becomes the driver, the front side gear I4 remains held and the engine is driven through the spider gears I2. Likewise, the same action and ratio applies in case of pushing or towing the car to start the engine.

Fig. 1 shows the left side elevation of all the working; parts excepting the" directionshifting mechanism 2| shown in Figs. 4, 11 and: 12 and the cylinder and piston assemblies of the differentiator I5. The main shaft 40 assemblies from left to right or forward to rear are: 1st. The

driving shaft centrifugal governor 22-. 2nd. The- 3rd. The front side gear assembly 34, shown in Fig: 8. 4th. l he drive engaging mechanism 23.

spider assembly 35, shown in Fig. '7. th. The

driven side gear assembly which includes thecrankshaft I8. When the double gear 28 and 29. is. slid forward, gear, 28 engages its matev 33 on the front side gear assembly 34, thus connecting the side gear I4 to the differentiat'or I5. At the same time the drive engaging unit 23 is slid forward. to engage'thespide'r assembly 35. When the double gear 28 and 28 is slid backward, gear. 29 engages teeth. 36 in the outer periphery of the spider ring 31 engaging the spider H to thedifferentiator I5. Atthe same timethe drive engaging unit 23 engages the side gear assembly 34 for reverse. In the neutral position shown, nothing isdriven beyond the drive engaging unit 23.. An. end view of this unit 23 is shown in 14.. It is carried and driven by the driver 38. shown, in end; view in Fig. 13, in partially broken away section in Fig. '1' and' in the plan view in Fig. 4.. This driver 38v is integral with the. driving, or power shaft 40; The drive engaging unit. 23 consists of a ring 41 with teeth 42 and 43' around its internal diameter at both sides of a channel 44. in its center as shown in the. enlarged view in Fig. 15'. Four integral. round projections 45 extend, radially outward from its outer diameter atninety degrees spacings. Counterbored. holes 46 extend; through the centers of theseprojections 45 to receive shanks 4.7. of four bronze segments. 48., the sides 50. of whichv fit into the inner channel 44 of. the ring 4|.

In. assembling. the segments 48' are pressed outward against fiat springs 5| between their radii and the bottom of the channel 44 while the end 52 of each shank 4'! is peened over a washer 53' which rests on the bore. shoulder in the holes 48. Each springil reaches from shank 47 to. shank 41-ofad'ja-cent segments 48 andbears inward. against the radii of the segments 48 at its ends 54. and against the bottom of the channel 44. at. its. center 55,. thus. holding the segments 48. firmly inward. Two rings 56. each with four semi-circular. millings 51. corresponding to the projections. 4.5.on the toothed ring 4| are riveted firmly about. the projections. 45. The internal diameter of the. ring 58. thus formed is correctly spaced. from. the outer. diameter of the toothed ring. 4|. to receive the driver 38 with the projections. 45 passing. through its slots 59. This ring 58 has a step 60 which forms a larger outer diameter at its center than atits sides to receive achanneled shiftingyoke 61. The toothed ring 4| has splines 62 in its outer diameter to receive splines 63 on the internal diameter of the driver 38. As shown in the enlarged drawing in Fig. 15, the bronze segments 48 have varying radii, being larger at the sides 64 and 65 and center 66 and smaller midway between at 61 and 68. The gear hubs 10 and H which the segments engage are correspondingly shaped. Thus, at the beginning of the engaging: movement/the: segments 48 are forced outward against the-spring tension at 5| as they slide onto the gear hub 10 or 1|. This puts the driven parts into motion. As the segments 48 pass the high point 61 or 68 in their radii the tension lessens just as the teeth 12 or I3 are about to engage teeth 43 or 42. This allows the teeth 43 and 12 or 42 and 13 to readily align themselves. It should be noted that this is theonly friction employed for any purpose at any time and that is light and for only very brief intervals.

The shifting mechanism 2| is shown in the plan view in Fig.- '4.'and in end and side; elevation in Figs. '11 and 12. The base or main plate I4 is bolted at 15to the left side" 16 of the housing I8. Two horizontal. channels 11 and I8 in the face of this plate 14 carry two slidableflat bars and 8| with angled edges. Each bar '80. and 8|: carries a shifting yoke 6| and 82 made in"- tegral. The upper bar-'80 carries the channeled yoke 6| which engages the drive engaging unit 23. The lower bar 8I carriesthe yoke '82" which engages the sliding gear channel 83 of double gear 28-and129 on the countershaft 21'. A perpendicular bar 84 with-:open U shaped ends 85 and 86 engages rollers 81 and 88 attached. to the center 90- and 9| o'f'each sliding bar 80' and 8|; T-his perpendicular bar: 84- carries a roller 92 at each side of, its center, the rollers 32' runningin a generally horizontal but curved channel 93 in the center of the main plate 14-. This channel 93 isso designed with opposite curves so that when the perpendicular bar '84 is moved in a general horizontal direction by its center, its lower end 86 first describes an are about its upper end '85 and as the movement progresses it graduatesinto an arc movement bythe upper end 85 with the lower end 88 as center until the bar 84 is returned to a perpendicular position at the end of the movement. On return movement, the sequence is reversedthe upper flat bar '80 is slid first, then the lower flat bar 8|. Thus, in shifting into either direction of drive, the countershaft double gear 28 and 23 is first meshed to the gear 3301'" 36 'to be controlled, then the drive to spider II or gear I4 is engaged. In returning to neutral position, the drive is disengaged first, then the counter'shaft 21. A horizontal bar 34 connects the center of the perpendicular bar 84 to the lower end of the internal shifting arm '95. This arm 95 is integral with a short horizontal shaft 96 at its upper end which passes out through the upper left front side 16 of the housing I8 where an external arm (not shown) is keyed thereto at 81.

,A. centrifugal. governor 22 or 25 is shown in thrown or expanded position in side and end views in Fig. Iii-and Fig. 17. These governors 22 and 25 aredesigned with the object of occupying a, minimumof, longitudinal space. Each consists of two side plates I00 and IOI, one plate I00 2. pressfit on the shaft 24 or 40 and the other ,plate I'0I a sliding fit. The sliding plate |0| carries a semi-thrust bearing. I02 which in turn carries. a. yoke channel I03. The weights are in the form of quadrants I04 which when in the inward position form a circle or disc. They 'piston rods IIO pass.

are joined to the side plates I and MI by links I extending diagonally outward. As they are centrifugally thrown outwardly they are carried longitudinally to the length of the links I05 while the sliding plate IOI is carried a like distance from the weights. A pin I06 is pressed into one side of each weight and has a sliding fit in a corresponding hole I01 in the adjacent weight. This holds all weights equidistant from center at all times.

The differentiator I5 is shown in plan view in Fig. 2 and in elevation view in Fig. 3 being located in an oil sump at the bottom of housing I8. Each connecting rod I08 reciprocates a piston rod I I0, see Fig. 9, carrying two short pistons I1. The cylinders 20 are tubular in form with a thick dividing Wall I I I at the center through which the The cylinder bodies 20 have a larger outer diameter I I9 at their centers for a distance somewhat less than the thickness of the dividing walls II I and this portion presses into a wall I I2 of like thickness in the base block I I3. Two of the bolts I I4 which secure the block II3 to the bottom of the housing IiB pass somewhat inside of tangent to the large outer diameter II9 of the cylinder bodies 20 where they are grooved at II5 to receive the bolts I I4. This holds the cylinders 20 securely in correct position both longitudinally and radially. They are supported at their ends by fiat plates I I6 which are bolted at II1 to the ends of that portion of the block I I 3. The cylinders 20 have large rectangular apertures II8 through their Walls, the inner ends of the apertures being flush with the dividing wall or head I II of the cylinder 20. The cylinders 20 carry slidable outer sleeves I20 and I2! which when slid inward against the large outer diameter I I9, completely close the apertures II8.

When slid outward against the end-supporting plates I I6 they fully open the apertures I I8. The

two rear sleeves I20 are carried integrally with a short, flat bar I22 which slides on the upper surface of the cylinder block I I3 midway between the cylinders 20. The two forward sleeves I2I are carried by a similar but long bar I23 which slides underneath the entire length of the differentiator body I5 where its forward end I24 carries the front governor yoke I25. An arm I26 pivoted at its center I21 extends through a slot I20 in the block and connects at its ends to the sliding sleeve bars I22 and I23. Thus, as the front governor 22 is expanded it carries the lower bar I23 and front sleeves I2I backward and the upper bar I22 and rear sleeves I2I forward. The sleeves I2I and I22 are held outward to clear the apertures H8 by a compression coil spring I28 pressing against an upwardly extending lug I30 near the rear end of the lower bar I23. The outer or rear end I3I of this spring I28 bears against the shoulder I32 of an adjusting screw I33 through the rear wall I34 of the housing I8.

In Fig. 9 is shown a cross-sectional view of a piston and cylinder pump and valve assembly.

The forward pump piston I1 is tightened against a shoulder I35 at the clevised end I36 of the piston rod I I0 by a nut I31 and special lock washer I38. The rear pump piston I1 is tightened against a self -locking nut I40 by a castellated nut and lock washer I4I. Small holes I42 extend from the inner dish I43 of the pistons I1 diagonally outward through the outer Wall close behind the head. As a pump piston I1 reaches the outer end of its stroke these holes I42 reach past the end of the cylinder 20, relieving the vacuum and allowing oil to fill the cylinder 20.

The two crank throws of crankshaft IB are at a 90 degree angle to each other. Since compression is equal in both directions of reciprocation, this overlaps the compression strokes producing an unfluctuating pressure for controlling the differentiator movement.

The control valve I44 is located in the center of the cylinder supporting blockwall II2. It is shown in elevation in Fig. l and in plan view in Fig. 9. A small hole I45 leads diagonally from the head I I I of each cylinder 20 through the side of the dividing wall II2. There they meet like holes I46 in the blockwall H2 and lead to four points in the form of a square where they turn upward past four steel ball check valves I41 into the pressure chamber I48. The four balls I41 are held seated by both gravity and tiny coil springs I50 held in place by screws I5I in the top of the blockwall I I 2. A hole or cylinder I52 extends horizontally backward from the pressure chamber I48 through the end I54 of the block I I2. A piston I53 is inserted into this cylinder I52 to adistance where a shoulder I55 seats against the end I54 of the block H2. This piston I53 is hollow from its inner end to the seating shoulder I55. It has very narrow rectangular apertures I56 through its wall, these apertures I56 being just fully within the cylinder when the shoulder I55 is seated. The shank I51 of the piston I53 extends backward and carries a washer I58 against a stepped portion near its end, forming a second shoulder I60. A compression coil spring IEI presses against this washer I53, the rear end of the spring bearing against a shoulder I62 of an adjusting screw I63 through the rear wall I34 of the housing I8.

The rear governor yoke piece I64 is shown in Fig. 5. The countershaft rear bearing bracket IE5 is shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The rear cylinder sleeves piece I22 is shown in Fig. 6. The relation of the yoke piece I64 and bearing bracket I65 is also shown in the greater assemblies on Figs. 1, 2 and 3. The yoke piece I64 forms a right angle I66 extending horizontally backward. The horizontal portion I51 is slidably carried on a flat bed I68 which is an integral extension from the bearing bracket I65. At the rear end of the horizontal portion I61, lateral extensions I10 are formed to fit around the sides and bottom of the bed I68 as a guide. It is further guided by two forward extensions I1I so spaced as to fit grooves I12 in the sides of the bearing bracket I65. The rear end of the yoke piece I54 turns upward to form a small yoke I13 which fits a spring adjusting screw I14. This screw I14 is secured to the rear wall I34 of the housing l8 by a shoulder I15 inside the wall I34 and a nut I16 outside. The screw I14 is encircled by a compression coil spring I 11, the rear end of which is in a fixed position I18 a certain distance forward from the rearmost position of the small yoke I13. The forward end I of the spring I11 is adjustable for tension. Thus, as the governor carries the yoke piece I64 forward a predetermined distance, the small yoke I13 at its end contacts the spring I11 which then controls its further movement.

A pair of identical arms or levers IBI are pinned at their lower end I82 to each side of the rear end of the lower cylinder sleeve bar I23. The open U-shaped upper ends I83 of these arms I8I engage a pin I84 through a bore I85 in the horizontal portion I61 of the rear governor yoke piece I64. The fulcrum for these arms IBI is the shoulder I86 of a cup or thimble I81 carried slidably-on theshank I51. of the controlvalvepiston I53; A compression coil: spring I08 encircles the shank- I51 from the bottom. of the thimble I8.! to theseating shoulder I,55.of the piston I53. This spring I88 and thimble I:8'I are forward of and independent of the shoulder I60, formed by the washer I58 which the adjustable spring I61 contacts.

The external adjustments as they appear on the'lower rear end wall I34- of the housing I8 are shown with their protective cover I 90 removed in Fig. 16.

In operation andv adjustment, assume first that the, engine is idling and the shifting assembly 2I is inforward driveposition. The lower spring I-28 which opposes the front governor 22 should be decreased in tension by adjusting screw I33 until the governor 22 slides the cylinder sleeves I20. and I2I inward enough to cause the car to creep slightly. Then the tension of spring I28 should be increased by. again adjusting screw I33 just. enough to overcome that tendency. With that adjustment, the car will begin to move on very. slight acceleration. Upon acceleration for starting, the governor 22 slides thesleeves I26 and I 2I. to closing position quickly. The pressure thus created forces. the control valve piston I53 outward. away from its. seating shoulder I55 and allowsa certainvolume of oil to escape through its apertures, I56. The volume of escaping oil is determined by the amount of power applied or the pressure thus created, and the area of aperture opening. The area of aperture opening is determined by the pressure and, the tension of the opposing spring l6l. Since thisv adjustment of spring ISI' affects the ratio.un.der all conditions where much power, is required (except at high car speed), repeated trials and adjustments should be made to obtain the most efiicient and satisfactory ratios under all. conditions.

When engine speed causes the frontgovernor 22 to slide the lower cylinder sleeve bar I23.rearwardly, it carries with it th lower ends I82 of the arms I8 I, attached to its rear end. This leaves nothing to hold the rear governor 25 from expanding freely. So with the beginning of car movement, the rear governor 25 immediately carries its yoke I64 and the upper ends of those arms I8I forwardly until the humped center IBI of the arms I8I bear against the thimble I81 on the shank I! of the control valve piston I53. Form there on, increasing car speed adds proportionately to the inward or opposing pressure on the piston I53, thus proportionately raising the ratio. At the same time that the humped centers I9I of the arms I8I reach the thimble shoulder I86, the small yoke I13 at the end of the governor yoke piece I64 reaches its control spring Ix'I-I; Obviously, the more governor power con sumed by spring III; the less can be exerted on the piston I53; So the tension of spring III determines the car speed at which any overdrive ratio is reached with any given power. Likewise, itdetermines the ratio when car speed is reduced due to insufficient power to maintain a given speed. At high speed, no degree of acceleration can lower the ratio below the full 2 to 1 overdrive. Through all lower ranges of speed, the ratio is controlled as if in a balance between the speed of the car and the power applied. The higher the speed, the higher the ratio at any given degree of acceleration or power. The greater the power, the lower the ratio at any given car speed. Assuming that acclerator position is held constant as the car passes from level road into a steep ascent, engine speed remains .34 all stand motionless.

constant while car.- speed; reduces thronghia, 10mering ratio. Under. thesameroad condltiomcar speed may; be-helcl constant by. lowering; the, ratio with increased; acceleration; This graduated? ba lancing action affords extremely-quickxandl powerful pickup. and at the. same; time prevents; any excessive. engine speed under any driving. condition. This, action is described: in. the preceding paragraph. Engine speed varies comparatively little throughout the entire rangeofz' road speeds. It is always heldwell within its range of highest operating efficiency; The only possiblev exception is if car speed is so excessive that engine speed-is high even at the 2 to 1 ratio.

But little car speed is required to start the engine by car momentum. The driven shaft 24 becomes the driving shaft. Pinion gears I2 are engaged to a dead engine. Henca rear side-gear I9 drives front side gear I4.in reverse at a 1- to,-1 ratio. As front side gear I4 is driven, so is the differentiator I5; As car speedincreases, the: rear centrifugal governor I04 carries its. yoke I64. and the upper endsof arms I8I forward. With thimble I81 oncontrol valve. piston I53 asa fulcrum, thelower ends of arms I8I swing backward against the tension of spring I28. Asarms I-8.I move, so docs are I26. Thisslides sleeves. I.20.and I2I, closing the cylinders 20. and stopping the difierentiator I5 and front side gear I4. As side gear I4 is stopped, piniongearsIZand engineare driven iorwardat a 1 toZ ratio.

This transmission has many favorable features. It is exclusively gear drive. Its ratio, graduation is.continuous throughout, It uses no friction for either. driving or controlling. Thereisno power loss. Its starts and acceleration are, quick, and strong. At normal roadspeeds, the differentiator I5. countershaft 21 and front side gear assembly The car could stand faced against an immovable object such as a concrete wall, the, accelerator depressed until the engine is exerting. strong driving power and held there indefinitely without subjecting the transmission to any more heat and wear than. in normal driving. A11 adjustments are extremely simple and readily, accessible. No low range is required; only forward, reverse and neutral; No special, expensive fluid is required; just good oil. No frequent or periodical adjustments should be required. Since all adjustments affect only spring tensions and the area of oil'pressures rather than wearing parts, they should retain their adjustments indefinitely.

The driving and driven shafts are carried in the ends of the housing I8 by semi-thrust ball bearings I92. The forward end I93 ofthe spider shaft I94, Fig. 7, is carried by a radial ball bearing I85 in the driver 38. The front side gear assembly 34 is carried by a semi-thrust ball bearing I96 which in turn carries the rear end of the spider shaft I94. The extreme rear end I91 of the spider shaft I94 is journaled into the driven side gear I9; The forward end of the driven side gear shaft 24' is carried by a semi-thrust ball bearing I98. This latter bearing I and the one I96 carrying the front side gear I4 are carried by brackets 200' bolted at 20I to an inwardly extending projection 202 on the right wall 203 of the housing I8. The countershaft 21 is carried at its front end by a semi-thrust ball bearing 204, the rear end being carried by bearing I 65'. An apertured'flange 204 is bolted at 205 on the spider ring 31 to facilitate assembly.

While the device has been shownand the structure described in detail, it is obvious that this in,- vention is not to be considered as being limited to the exact form disclosed, and that changes in detail and construction may be made therein within the scope of what is claimed, without departing from the spirit of this invention.

Having thus set forth and disclosed the nature of this invention, what is claimed is:

1. An infinitely variable ratio power transmission including a driving shaft and a driven shaft spaced apart in axial alignment, a differential gear mechanism therebetween in said axial alignment, said differential mechanism having a pair of oppositely disposed side gears and pinion gears in mesh therewith journaled on a pinion spider which in turn is journaled within a pinion ring, one of said side gears being fixed on one of said shafts, and shift controlled connector means for selectively connecting either said other side gear or said pinion spider to the other of said shafts, a countershaft in parallel alignment with said driving and driven shafts, a shift controlled gear splined on said countershaft, said pinion ring including a gear means therewith, said other side gear including a gear means therewith, shift means for selectively engaging said splined double gear with either said pinion ring gear means or said other side gear means and simultaneously to operate said connector means, a driving shaft controlled governor, a driven shaft controlled governor, a fluid pump geared to said countershaft, and driving shaft and driven shaft governor controlled means controlling the operation of said pump and thereby, through said crankshaft and gear connection to either said other side gear or said pinion spider, the ratio of the speed of either of said shafts to the other of said shafts.

2. An infinitely variable ratio power transmission including a driving shaft and a driven shaft spaced apart in axial alignment, a differential gear mechanism therebetween in said axial alignment, said differential mechanism having a pair of oppositely disposed side gears and pinion gears in mesh therewith journaled on a pinion spider which in turn is journaled within a pinion ring, one of said side gears bein on one of said shafts, and shift controlled connector means for selectively connecting either said other side gear or said pinion spider to the other of said shafts, a countershaft in parallel alignment with said driving and driven shafts, a shift controlled double gear splined on said countershaft, said pinion ring including a gear means therewith, said other side gear including a gear means therewith, shift means for selectively engaging said splined double gear with either said pinion ring gear means or said other side gear means and simultaneously to operate said connector means, a driving shaft controlled governor, a driven shaft controlled governor, a fluid pump geared to said countershaft, and driving shaft and driven shaft governor controlled fluid ingress and exit means controlling the operation of said pump and thereby, through said crankshaft and gear connection to either said other side gear or said pinion spider, the ratio of the speed of either of said shafts to the other of said shafts.

3. An infinitely variable ratio power transmission including a driving shaft and a driven shaft spacedapart in axial alignment, a differential gear mechanism therebetween in said axial alignment, said differential mechanism having a pair of oppositely disposed side gears and pinion gears in mesh therewith journaled on a pinion spider which in turn is journaled within a pinion ring, one of said side gears being fixed on one of said shafts, and shift controlled connector means for selectively connecting either said other side gear or said pinion spider to the other of said shafts, a countershaft in parallel alignment with said driving and driven shafts, a shift controlled gear splined on said countershaft, said pinion ring including a gear means therewith, said other side gear including a gear means therewith, shift means for selectively engaging said splined double gear with either said pinion ring gear means or said other side gear means sequentially with its operation of said connector means, a driving shaft controlled governor, a driven shaft controlled governor, a fluid pump geared to said countershaft, and driving shaft and driven shaft governor controlled means controlling the operation of said pump and thereby, through said crankshaft and gear connection to either said other side gear or said pinion spider, the ratio of the speed of either said shafts to the other of said shafts, said fluid pump comprising a crankshaft geared to said countershaft, piston means operable by said crankshaft, cylinder means for said piston means, the sides of said cylinder means being open for free ingress of fluid therein, said governor controlled means including closure means for said open cylinder sides, and yieldably controlled valve means connected to said cylinder means controlling the escape of fluid from said cylinder means.

4. An infinitely variable ratio power transmission including a driving shaft and a driven shaft spaced apart in axial alignment, a differential gear mechanism therebetween in said axial alignment, said differential mechanism having a pair of oppositely disposed side gears and pinion gears in mesh therewith journaled on a pinion spider which in turn is journaled within a pinion ring, one of said side gears being on one of said shafts, and shift controlled connector means for selectively connecting either said other side gear or said pinion spider to the other of said shafts, a countershaft in parallel alignment with said driving and driven shafts, a shift controlled double gear splined on said countershaft, said pinion ring including a gear means therewith, said other side gear including a gear means therewith, shift means for selectively engaging said splined double gear with either said pinion ring gear means or said other side gear mean sequentially with its operation of said connection means, a driving shaft controlled governor, a driven shaft controlled governor, a fluid pump geared to said countershaft, and driving shaft and driven shaft governor controlled fluid ingress and exit means controlling the operation of said pump and thereby, through said crankshaft and gear connection to either said other side gear or said pinion spider, the ratio of the speed of either of said shafts to the other of said shafts, said fluid pump comprising a crankshaft geared to said countershaft, piston means operable by said crankshaft, cylinder means for said piston means, the sides of said cylinder means being open for free ingress of fluid therein said governor controlled fluid ingress and exit means including closure means for said open cylinder sides, and adjustably controlled yieldable valve means connected to said cylinder means controlling the escape of fluid from said cylinder means.

5. An infinitely variable ratio power transmission including a driving shaft and a drivenshaft spaced apart in axial alignment, a differential gear mechanismtherebetween in said axial alignment, said differential mechanism having a pair ageesgoca of oppositelydisposed side gears and pinion gears in mesh therewith journaled on a pinion spider whichin turnis journaled within a pinion ring, one side gear bein affixed on said drivenshaft, and shift controlled connector means for selec-- tively connecting either said other side gear or said pinion spider to said driving shaft, a coun tershaftin parallel alignment with said driving and driven shafts, a shift controlledgear splined onisaid countershaft; said pinion ring including a gear means therewith; said other side gear includinga gearmeans therewith, shift means for selectively meshing saidsplined gear with either said. pinion ring gear" means or said other side gear'means'sequentially with its operation of said connector meansa driving shaft controlled governor, a driven shaft controlled governor, a fluid pump geared to said countershaft, and driving shaft and driven shaft governor controlled fluid ingress and exit means controlling the operation of said pump and thereby, through said crank"- shaft. and gear connection to either said" other side gear or said? pinion spider, the ratio of'the speed'of either of saidshafts to the other of'said' shafts.

6. An infinitely variable ratio power transmission including a drivingshaft andia driven shaft spaced" apart, in axial alignment, a differential gear mechanism therebetween in said axial alignment, saiddifferential mechanism having, a pair ofopposit'ely di'sposed'side gears and pinion gears in mesh. therewith journaled on a pinion spider which, i'nlturn is jjournaled within a pinion ring, one side gear, being aflixed on said driven shaft,. and: shift controlled connector means for selectively connecting either said? other side gear or saidipinion spider to said; driving shaft, a countershaft; in parallel, alignment with said' driving, and; driven shafts, a shift controlled. gear splined on said count'ershaft', saidi pinion ring including a gear meanstherewith, said other side gear includinga gear.meansltherewith shift means for selectively meshing said splined gear with either said pinion ring gear means. or said other side gear means, sequentially with its operation ofsaidi connector. means, a driving shaft. controlled governon. a driven shaft controlled governor, a fluid pump. geared to saidcountershaft, .and driving, shaft anddriven shaft governor controlled fiuid ingres's andiexit means controlling the operation of: said; pump andithereby, through said crankshaft. and gear. connection, to. either said. other side. gear. or said, pinion spider, the ratios of the spe'ediof either of said shaftsto the other. of said. shafts, said, fluid pump comprising a crankshaft geared to. said countershaft, a. pair OfpiSt'OIlsl operable by said crankshaft, a cylinder for each ofsaidpistbnsthe sides of. said cylinders beingopen for free ingress. of fluid therein, said governor controlled fluidjingress anctexit means including, sleeve closure means for saidopencylfinde'r sides, and' yieldahly controlledvalive means connected to saidlcylinders controllingthe escape of? fluid from said cylinder means.

'7: An infinitely variableratio power transmission includinga driving shaftandla driven shaft spaced apart in axial alignment, a; differential gearmechanism therebetween in said axial alignment, said differentiai gear mechanism havinga pair of oppositely disposed side gears-and pinion gears in mesh therewith journaled on a pinion spider which in turn is jfournaled within a pinion ring, one of said'side gearslbei'ng aflixedon said driven shaft, and shift cont'rolledi connector: meansfor selectively connecting either said other side gearor said pinion spider: tcsaid: driving shaft, a oountershaft in parallel ahgnment'withsaid driving and driven shafts, a shift controlled double gear splinedon said. countershaft; saidl pinion ring including a gear means therewith, said other side gear including a gear means therewith, shift: means for selectively meshing said splined double i gear with either said pinion: rin gear means or said other side gear meansprior to its operation of said connector means}. and disengaging said splined double gearsuhse-'- quent todisconnecting said connector means; adriving shaft controlled" governor, a driven: shaft controlled governor, apistonand cylinder-fluidpump geared to said; countershaft, and driving:

shaft-and driven shaft governor controlled fluid ingress andegress means controlling theoperation of said pumpand thereby; through said crankshaft and gear connection toeither said other sidegear orsaid pinion spider, the ratlo of'the speed of either ofsaidshafts to" the other: of" saidshafts;

8. An. infinitely variable ratio power transmission includingsai driving. shaft'and a driven-shaft: spaced apart in axial: alignment, a differential; gear mechanism therebetween insaid axialalignxment, said differential gear'mechanism havinga pair of oppositely disposed side gears. and-opinion gears in. mesh therewith journaled'. in a. pinion; spider which in. turn is journaled: within: a: pinionz ring, one of said: side gears being; affi'xedi onv saidz driven shaft;. and shift controlled: connector: means for selectively connectingteither said otherside gear or said pinionaspider: to; saidrdrivinga shaft, a countershafthrparallel alignment said driving and driven shafts, a shift controlled: double gearsplined: on. said count'ershaft, said pinionv ring: including a. gear means therewith; said. other. side gear including a gear; means, therewith, shift means for selectively meshing, said splined double gear with: either'saidpinion: ring gear means or said other'side gear-means; prior to its. operation; of; said connector means; and disengaging; said splined'. double. gearsuh sequent to; disconnecting said: connector means; a driving shaft controlled governor, a. driven: shaft controlled governor,. a piston and: cylinder: fluid pumpgeared to: said countershaft; and: drive ing. shaft. and driven: shafti governor: controlled: fluid ingress and egress means controlling thei operation of said pump and. thereby; through; said crankshaftv and gear connection) to: either.- said other side=gearor-saidtpinion:spider; the raa tio of the. speed: of: either of said. shafts: to the other of said shafts, said; fiuid pump comprising a crankshaft geared to said: countershaft; a: pair: of pistons and! connecting. rods operable by: said crankshaft, a cylinder forsaidpiston', the-sid'esof: said= cylinder'means being open for free ingness= of fluid therein; said governor controlled 'fluid in gressand egress means including sleeveclosure means for: said open oyllndep'sid'es and: adjuata ably: controlled. yieldabl'e' valve means: connectelt tosaid cylinders controlling: the escapeofl fi'uida from said: cylinder, means:

9. The structure defined inclaim: l-,,saidshift: controlled connector: means: comprising'an internall'ysplined cup-shaped member fixedly secuned'i on said other shaft, said cup-member having a plurality of circumferentiall y spacedslot'e ex tending axially thereinfrom its open end; an ex t'ernall'y splined ring; member complementarytd the internal splines of said cup memberamny slida-bletherewithin', means projecting. from said ring member through said plurality of slots cooperating with said shift means for positioning said ring, internal gear means provided in said ring member, a pair of gear members within said cup member, one on each side of said ring member, to mesh said ring member internal gear means, one gear member being secured to said other side gear, the other gear member being secured to said spider, whereby axial shifting of said ring member will mesh it to one of the other of said gear members.

10. The structure defined in claim 1, said shift controlled connector means comprising an internally splined cup-shaped member fixedly secured on said other shaft, said cup member having a plurality of circumferentially spaced slots extending axially therein from its open end, an externally splined ring member complementary to the internal splines of said cup member axially slidable therewithin, means projecting from said ring member through said plurality of slots cooperating with said shift means for positioning said ring, internal gear means provided in said ring member, a pair of gear members within said cup member, one on each side of said ring member, to mesh said ring member internal gear means, one gear member being secured to said other side gear, the other gear member being secured to said spider, whereby axial shifting of said ring member will mesh it to one Of the other of said gear members, a separate hub for each gear member, and means within said ring member frictionally engaging either hub member as it is moved axially to thereby align its gear memher with said ring member gear means.

11. The structure defined in claim 1, said shift controlled connector means comprising an internally splined cup-shaped member fixedly secured on said other shaft, said cup member having a plurality of circumferentially spaced slots extending axially therein from its open end, an externally splined ring member complementary to the internal splines of said cup member axially slidable therewithin, means projecting from said ring member through said plurality of slots cooperating with said shift means for positioning said ring, internal gear means provided in said ring member, a pair of gear members within said cup member, one on each side of said ring member, to mesh said ring member internal gear means, one gear member being secured to said other side gear, the other gear member being secured to said spider, whereby axial shifting of said ring member will mesh it to one of the other of said gear members, a separate hub for each gear member, and means within said ring member frictionally engaging either hub member as it is moved axially to thereby align its gear member with said ring member gear means, said frictional engaging means comprising a plurality of yieldably mounted hub engaging members carried by said ring member.

12. The structure defined in claim 1, said shift means comprising a cammed trackway intermediate a pair of shift trackways, a connector member carried in one shift trackway for said splined gear, a connector member carried in the other shift trackway for said shift controlled connector means, an H-bar having its open ends pivotally connected to said connector members and provided along its center bar with cammed trackway engaging means, and a shift arm pivotally connected to said H-bar at the center thereof for moving said H-bar along its cammed trackway to move said connector members as provided by said cammed trackway.

DE WITT C. CLINTSMAN.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 555,438 Dow Feb. 25, 1896 1,548,666 Dickinson Aug. 4, 1925 1,957,578 Cook May 8, 1934 1,990,212 Toncich Feb. 5, 1935 2,135,908 Millican Nov. 8, 1938 2,186,108 Holloway Jan. 9, 1940 2,191,907 Fillippis Feb. 27, 1940 2,278,351 Havens Mar. 31, 1941 2,311,691 Porter Feb. 23, 1943 2,533,126 Looney Dec. 5, 1950 2,553,126 Bailey May 15, 1951 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 472,385 France Dec. 3, 1914 

